1. æã®ç¿æ
£ãç©ããããäœè³ªã«äžãã圱é¿
æã¯äœã®ããªã»ããæéããšãèšããŸããç¡ç äžã«äœã¯ä¿®åŸ©ããšãã«ã®ãŒã®ååé
ãè¡ããæã«æ°ããäžæ¥ãã¹ã¿ãŒããããæºåãæŽããŸãããã®æé垯ã«é©åãªç¿æ
£ãåãå
¥ããããšã§ã以äžã®ãããªå¹æãæåŸ
ã§ããŸãã
⢠代è¬ã®æŽ»æ§å: æã®è¡åã¯åºç€ä»£è¬ãé«ããäžæ¥äžã«ããªãŒãå¹ççã«ççŒããäœãäœããŸãã
⢠ãã«ã¢ã³ãã©ã³ã¹ã®èª¿æŽ: æã®ç¿æ
£ã¯ã³ã«ããŸãŒã«ãã€ã³ã¹ãªã³ãªã©ã®ãã«ã¢ã³ãæŽããèèªèç©ãæããŸãã
â¢ é£æ¬²ã®ã³ã³ãããŒã«: æã®ã«ãŒãã£ã³ã«ãã£ãŠã空è
¹æãéé£ãæããããšãã§ããŸãã
⢠èªåŸç¥çµã®å®å®: èŠåæ£ããæã®ç¿æ
£ã¯èªåŸç¥çµãæŽããã¹ãã¬ã¹ã«ããéé£ã代è¬äœäžãé²ããŸãã
ç§åŠçç ç©¶ã«ããã°ãæã®è¡åãã¿ãŒã³ã¯ãæŠæ¥ãªãºã ïŒãµãŒã«ãã£ã¢ã³ãªãºã ïŒãã«åœ±é¿ãäžãã代è¬ãäœé管çã«çŽæ¥é¢äžããŸããäŸãã°ãæã«ååãªå
ãæµŽã³ãããšã§ã»ãããã³ãã¡ã©ããã³ã®åæ³ãæŽãã飿¬²ãæãã广ãããããšãããã£ãŠããŸãïŒåºå
ž: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2014ïŒã
2. ç©ããããäœè³ªãäœãæã®ç¿æ
£10éž
以äžã«ãç©ããããäœè³ªãäœãããã®å
·äœçãªæã®ç¿æ
£ã玹ä»ããŸããããããã®ç¿æ
£ã®å¹æãå®è·µæ¹æ³ã泚æç¹ã詳ãã解説ããŸãã
2.1 æ©èµ·ãããŠäœå
æèšããªã»ãã
广: æ©èµ·ãã¯äœå
æèšãæŽãã代è¬ãé«ããŸããæ6ïœ7æé ã«èµ·ããããšã§ã倪éœå
ãæµŽã³ãã»ãããã³ãã³ã«ããŸãŒã«ã®åæ³ãä¿ããèèªççŒããµããŒãããŸãã
å®è·µæ¹æ³:
â¢ æ¯æ¥åãæéã«èµ·åºããïŒé±æ«ãå«ããŠïŒã
⢠起åºåŸãã«ãŒãã³ãéããŠææ¥ã济ã³ãã10ïœ15åçšåºŠã®èªç¶å
exposure ãçæ³ã
⢠å¬å Žãæãã®æ¥ã¯ã5000ïœ10,000ã«ã¯ã¹ã®å
çæ³ã©ã³ãã䜿çšããã
泚æç¹:
⢠æ¥ã«æ©èµ·ããå§ãããšç¡ç äžè¶³ã«ãªãå¯èœæ§ãããããã就坿éãåŸã
ã«æ©ãã7ïœ8æéã®ç¡ç ã確ä¿ããã
⢠ã¹ããŒããã©ã³ããã¬ãã®ãã«ãŒã©ã€ãã¯å°±å¯2æéåããé¿ããã
2.2 ã³ãã1æ¯ã®çœæ¹¯ã飲ã
广: æã«çœæ¹¯ã飲ãããšã§å
èãæž©ãŸããæ¶åæ©èœã掻æ§åã代è¬ãäžããã䟿ç§è§£æ¶ã«ã广çã§ãããŸãã軜ããããã¯ã¹äœçšã§èå»ç©ãæåºããŸãã
å®è·µæ¹æ³:
⢠起åºåŸã40ïœ50âçšåºŠã®çœæ¹¯ã200ïœ300mlãã£ãã飲ãã
⢠ã¬ã¢ã³æ±ãçå§ãå°éå ãããšããã¿ãã³Cãæé
žåäœçšããã©ã¹ãããã
泚æç¹:
⢠ç±ããããæ¹¯ã¯èãåºæ¿ããã®ã§é¿ããã
⢠é床ãªãããã¯ã¹ãæåŸ
ããããã©ã³ã¹ã®åããé£äºãå¿ãããã
2.3 æé£ããã©ã³ã¹ããæã
广: æé£ã¯äžæ¥ã®ä»£è¬ãã¹ã¿ãŒããããã¹ã€ãããã¿ã³ãã¯è³ªãé£ç©ç¹ç¶ãè¯è³ªãªè質ãçµã¿åãããããšã§ãè¡ç³å€ã®æ¥äžæãæããèèªèç©ãé²ããŸãã
å®è·µæ¹æ³:
⢠ã¿ã³ãã¯è³ª: åµããšãŒã°ã«ããè±è
ãé¶èžèãªã©ïŒ20ïœ30gçšåºŠïŒã
⢠é£ç©ç¹ç¶: éèãå
šç²ç©ç©ãæç©ïŒ5ïœ10gçšåºŠïŒã
⢠è質: ã¢ãã«ãããããããªãªãŒããªã€ã«ïŒé©éïŒã
⢠äŸ: ã¹ã¯ã©ã³ãã«ãšãã°ïŒåµ2åïŒïŒå
šç²ãã³1æïŒã¢ãã«ã1/4ïŒãããã
泚æç¹:
⢠ç³è³ªéå€ã®æé£ïŒèåãã³ãã·ãªã¢ã«ïŒã¯è¡ç³å€ã¹ãã€ã¯ãåŒãèµ·ããã®ã§æ§ããã
⢠æé£ãæããšç©ºè
¹æãå¢ããæŒé£ãå€é£ã§éé£ãããªã¹ã¯ãé«ãŸãã
2.4 軜ãã¹ãã¬ããããšã¬ãè¡ã
广: æã®ã¹ãã¬ããããšã¬ã¯è¡æµãæ¹åããçèãæž©ããŠä»£è¬ãé«ããŸãããŸãã亀æç¥çµãé©åºŠã«åºæ¿ããèèªççŒãä¿é²ã
å®è·µæ¹æ³:
⢠5ïœ10åã®ç°¡åãªã¹ãã¬ããïŒäŸ: è©åããè¡é¢ç¯ã®ééãè骚ã®ã²ããïŒã
⢠ãšã¬ãªãã倪éœç€Œæããªã©ã®åºæ¬ããŒãºã3ïœ5ã»ããã
⢠YouTubeãã¢ããªã§åå¿è
åãã®åç»ã掻çšã
泚æç¹:
⢠空è
¹ç¶æ
ã§ã®æ¿ããéåã¯äœè¡ç³ãæãå¯èœæ§ãããã®ã§ã軜ãåãã«çããã
⢠äœã硬ãå Žåã¯ç¡çãããåŸã
ã«æè»æ§ãé«ããã
2.5 æã®ãŠã©ãŒãã³ã°ã軜ãæé
žçŽ éå
广: æã®æé
žçŽ éåã¯èèªããšãã«ã®ãŒãšããŠäœ¿ãããããã代è¬ãé·æéé«ããŸããç¹ã«ç©ºè
¹æã«è¡ããææŽ»ãã¯ãèèªççŒå¹æãé«ãïŒInternational Journal of Obesity, 2019ïŒã
å®è·µæ¹æ³:
⢠15ïœ30åã®æ©æ©ãïŒå¿ææ°ãæå€§å¿ææ°ã®50ïœ70ïŒ
çšåºŠïŒã
⢠èªå®
ã§ã§ãããšã¢ããã€ã¯ããžã§ã®ã³ã°ã广çã
⢠éååŸãã¿ã³ãã¯è³ªãè£çµŠããŠçèã®ä¿®åŸ©ãä¿ãã
泚æç¹:
⢠é床ãªéåã¯ã¹ãã¬ã¹ãã«ã¢ã³ãå¢ãããéã«ä»£è¬ãäžããå¯èœæ§ãããã
⢠é¢ç¯ãçèãçããªãããããŠã©ãŒã ã¢ãããå¿ããã«ã
2.6 çæ³ãæ·±åŒåžã§ã¹ãã¬ã¹ã軜æž
广: ã¹ãã¬ã¹ã¯ã³ã«ããŸãŒã«åæ³ãå¢ãããèèªèç©ãä¿ããŸããæã®çæ³ãæ·±åŒåžã¯å¿ãèœã¡çããèªåŸç¥çµãæŽããã
å®è·µæ¹æ³:
⢠5åã®ãã€ã³ããã«ãã¹çæ³ïŒåŒåžã«æèãéäžïŒã
⢠4ç§åžã£ãŠ4ç§åããããã¯ã¹åŒåžãã10åç¹°ãè¿ãã
⢠éããªç°å¢ãèªç¶é³ã掻çšããã
泚æç¹:
⢠æ
£ããªããã¡ã¯çæéããå§ããåŸã
ã«æéãå»¶ã°ãã
â¢ çæ³äžã«ç æ°ãæ¥ããã軜ãäœãåãããŠããåéã
2.7 ååãªæ°Žåè£çµŠãæè
广: æ°Žåäžè¶³ã¯ä»£è¬ãäœäžãããèèªççŒã劚ããŸããæã®æ°Žåè£çµŠã¯äœãç®èŠããããæ¶åãææ³ãã¹ã ãŒãºã«ããŸãã
å®è·µæ¹æ³:
⢠起åºåŸãçœæ¹¯ã«å ããŠåžžæž©ã®æ°Žã200ïœ500ml飲ãã
⢠éååŸãæé£åã«ãããŸãã«æ°Žåãæãã
⢠ããã©ã«è£çµŠã®ãããå°éã®å¡©ãå ããæ°Žãæå¹ã
泚æç¹:
â¢ å·æ°Žã¯å
èãå·ããå¯èœæ§ãããã®ã§ãåžžæž©ãŸãã¯æž©æ°Žãéžã¶ã
⢠éå°ãªæ°Žåæåã¯é»è§£è³ªãã©ã³ã¹ã厩ãã®ã§ã1æéã«500ml以äžã¯é¿ããã
2.8 ã¹ãã³ã±ã¢ãšäœã®ãããµãŒãž
广: æã®ãããµãŒãžã¯è¡æµããªã³ãã®æµããæ¹åããããã¿ãè§£æ¶ãèŠãç®ã®åŒãç· ã广ãæåŸ
ã§ããŸãã
å®è·µæ¹æ³:
⢠é¡ãéŠã®ãªã³ããããµãŒãžã2ïœ3åã
⢠èããè
¹ã軜ãæãïŒäŸ: 倪ãããäžããäžãžãããµãŒãžïŒã
â¢ ä¿æ¹¿ã¯ãªãŒã ããªã€ã«ã䜿ã£ãŠæ»ããè¯ãããã
泚æç¹:
⢠匷ãåã§æŒããšç®èãçèãå·ããã®ã§ãåªããè¡ãã
⢠ã¢ã¬ã«ã®ãŒãããå Žåã¯ã䜿çšãããªã€ã«ãã¯ãªãŒã ãäºåã«ç¢ºèªã
2.9 æã®æ¥èšãç®æšèšå®
广: æã«ç®æšãäºå®ãæžãåºãããšã§ãé£ç掻ãéåã®æèãé«ãŸããéé£ãæ æ°ãªè¡åãé²ããŸãã
å®è·µæ¹æ³:
⢠ããŒãã«ãã®æ¥ã®é£äºãéåã®ç®æšãæžãåºãïŒäŸ: ãéèã3ç¿é£ã¹ããã30åæ©ããïŒã
⢠äœéãäœèª¿ã®å€åãèšé²ããŠã¢ãããŒã·ã§ã³ãç¶æã
⢠ããžãã£ããªèšèã䜿ãïŒäŸ: ã仿¥ãå¥åº·ãªäœãç®æãïŒãïŒã
泚æç¹:
⢠å®ç§äž»çŸ©ã«ãªãããéæå¯èœãªå°ããªç®æšãèšå®ã
⢠èšé²ã«ã¹ãã¬ã¹ãæããå Žåã¯ãé±2ïœ3åã§ãOKã
2.10 æé¢šåãã·ã£ã¯ãŒã§äœãæž©ãã
广: æã®å
¥æµŽã¯äœãæž©ããè¡æµãä¿é²ã代è¬ãäžãããèèªççŒããããç¶æ
ãäœããŸãã
å®è·µæ¹æ³:
⢠38ïœ40âã®ã¬ããŸæ¹¯ã§5ïœ10åã®å身济ã
⢠ã·ã£ã¯ãŒãªããæž©å·äº€ä»£æµŽïŒæž©æ°Ž1åâå·æ°Ž30ç§ã3åç¹°ãè¿ãïŒã
⢠å
¥æµŽåŸã«è»œãã¹ãã¬ãããçµã¿åããããšå¹æåå¢ã
泚æç¹:
⢠æã®æéããªãå Žåã¯ãã·ã£ã¯ãŒã ãã§ãååã
⢠äœè¡å§ã®äººã¯é·æéã®å
¥æµŽãé¿ããç«ã¡ããã¿ã«æ³šæã
3. ç¿æ
£ãç¶ããããã®ã³ã
æ°ããç¿æ
£ãå®çãããã«ã¯ã以äžã®ãã€ã³ããæèããŸãããã
⢠å°ããªããšããå§ãã: 10åã®ç¿æ
£ãäžåºŠã«åãå
¥ããã®ã¯é£ããã®ã§ã1ïœ2åããã¹ã¿ãŒãã
⢠ã«ãŒãã£ã³åãã: æ¯æåãé çªã§ç¿æ
£ãè¡ããšãè³ãèªåçã«ç¿æ
£ãèªèã
⢠ç°å¢ãæŽãã: éåçãæ°Žçãåå€ã«æºåããæã®ããŒãã«ãäžããã
⢠ã¢ãããŒã·ã§ã³ãç¶æ: äœéãäœåã®å€åãåçã§èšé²ããããåéãšç®æšãå
±æã
⢠倱æããŠããªã»ãã: 1æ¥ã§ããªãã£ãå Žåããæ¬¡ã®æ¥ããåéã
å¿çåŠçç ç©¶ã«ããã°ãç¿æ
£åã«ã¯å¹³å66æ¥ããããšãããŠããŸãïŒEuropean Journal of Social Psychology, 2009ïŒãçŠãããæ¥œãã¿ãªããåãçµãããšãæåã®éµã§ãã
4. 泚æç¹ãšãããã質å
4.1 泚æç¹
⢠éåºŠãªæåŸ
ãé¿ãã: æã®ç¿æ
£ã ãã§åçãªæžéã¯é£ãããéåãé£äºã®å
šäœçãªãã©ã³ã¹ãéèŠã
⢠äœèª¿ãåªå
: äœãç²ããŠããå Žåã¯äŒæ¯ãåªå
ããç¡çãªéåãé£äºå¶éãé¿ããã
⢠å人差ãèæ
®: å¹Žéœ¢ãæ§å¥ãã©ã€ãã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã«ãã£ãŠå¹æãé©ããç¿æ
£ã¯ç°ãªãã
4.2 ãããã質å
Q: æé£ãé£ã¹ãæéããªãå Žåã¯ïŒ A: ãããããšãŒã°ã«ãããããã€ã³ã·ã§ã€ã¯ãªã©ãç°¡åã«æãããã®ãéžã¶ãå
šãé£ã¹ãªãããå°éã§ãæãæ¹ã代è¬ãäžããã
Q: éåãèŠæãªäººã§ãã§ããããšã¯ïŒ A: ã¹ãã¬ãããæ·±åŒåžã5åã®æ£æ©ãªã©ã軜ãåãããå§ãããç¿æ
£åã§ãããåŸã
ã«åŒ·åºŠãäžããŠã
Q: å¿ããæã§ãç¿æ
£ãç¶ããã³ãã¯ïŒ A: 5å以å
ã§ã§ããç¿æ
£ïŒçœæ¹¯ãæ·±åŒåžãæ¥èšãªã©ïŒãåªå
ã鱿«ã«æéããããŠä»ã®ç¿æ
£ã詊ãã
5. ãŸãšã
ç©ããããäœè³ªãäœãããã«ã¯ãæã®ç¿æ
£ãéããŠä»£è¬ãé«ãããã«ã¢ã³ãã©ã³ã¹ãèªåŸç¥çµãæŽããããšãéèŠã§ããæ©èµ·ããçœæ¹¯ããã©ã³ã¹ã®è¯ãæé£ã軜ãéåãçæ³ãªã©ãä»å玹ä»ãã10ã®ç¿æ
£ã¯ãã©ããç§åŠçæ ¹æ ã«åºã¥ããæ¥åžžçæŽ»ã«åãå
¥ãããããã®ã°ããã§ãã
倧åãªã®ã¯ãèªåã«åã£ãç¿æ
£ãèŠã€ããæ¥œãã¿ãªããç¶ããããšã1æ¥5åããã§ãå§ããããã®ã§ã仿¥ããå°ããªäžæ©ãèžã¿åºããŠã¿ãŸãããã3ã¶æåŸãé¡ã«æ ãèªåã®å€åã«é©ããããããŸããã
ã³ã¡ã³ã